Nigeria’s electoral landscape is undergoing significant changes, sparking debates about the balance between local autonomy and national oversight. Recent statements from the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and civil society organizations highlight the complexities of managing elections at different levels of government.
INEC Chairman Prof. Mahmood Yakubu recently addressed concerns about the timing of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Area Councils’ election. He clarified that the commission would release the timetable and schedule of activities at the appropriate time, in line with the Electoral Act 2022. This act extended the tenure of Area Council officials from three to four years, aligning it with executive and legislative elections nationwide.
The chairman’s statement comes in response to inquiries from various stakeholders, including law firms and political parties. Prof. Yakubu emphasized that the new four-year tenure began when officials took their oath of office in June 2022, meaning their terms will expire in June 2026.
This clarification highlights the importance of understanding the nuances of electoral law. The transition from the Electoral Act 2010 to the 2022 version has created some confusion, particularly regarding the tenure of local officials. INEC’s role in interpreting and implementing these laws is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the electoral process.
Meanwhile, a parallel debate is unfolding about the role of State Independent Electoral Commissions (SIECs). Yiaga Africa, a prominent civil society organization, has warned against calls to abolish SIECs. The organization argues that INEC is already overburdened and cannot take on the additional responsibility of conducting local elections.
Samson Itodo, Executive Director of Yiaga Africa, pointed out the contradiction in advocating for local government autonomy while simultaneously calling for the centralization of local elections. He stressed the need to strengthen SIECs rather than abolish them, arguing that this approach would better serve true local democracy.
The debate surrounding SIECs touches on broader issues of federalism and decentralization in Nigeria. While some argue that a centralized electoral body would ensure more consistent and fair elections, others contend that local control is essential for addressing specific regional needs and challenges.
Yiaga Africa has also called for improvements in the conduct of local elections, particularly in Plateau State. The organization emphasized the importance of punctuality, integrity, and independence in the electoral process. They urged state electoral commissions to resist political interference and ensure that election results truly reflect the will of the people.
These discussions reveal the complex interplay between different levels of government in Nigeria’s federal system. As the country continues to refine its electoral processes, finding the right balance between national standards and local autonomy remains a key challenge.
The ongoing debates also underscore the critical role of civil society organizations in Nigeria’s democracy. By providing independent analysis and advocacy, groups like Yiaga Africa contribute to a more robust and transparent electoral system.
As Nigeria prepares for future elections at all levels of government, these discussions will likely continue. The outcomes will shape not only the mechanics of how elections are conducted but also the broader relationship between federal, state, and local governments. Striking the right balance will be crucial for ensuring that Nigeria’s democracy remains responsive to the needs and aspirations of its citizens at all levels.
